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GST · 25 June 2026

What Is Input Tax Credit (ITC) Under GST?

Input tax credit (ITC) is the GST you paid on business purchases, set off against the GST you collect on sales, so you pay tax only on the value you added. Section 16 of the CGST Act sets the conditions to claim it, the most important being a valid tax invoice. Section 17(5) lists purchases on which ITC is blocked even with a valid invoice. ITC is the single reason a pakka bill is worth more than a kaccha bill: only a tax invoice carries credit the buyer can recover.

In this section
Myth

The GST you pay on business purchases is just another cost you absorb.

Fact

Under Section 16 of the CGST Act, the GST on a business purchase is recoverable as input tax credit, but only if you hold a valid tax invoice (a pakka bill), not a kaccha slip.

What is input tax credit?

Short answer

Input tax credit is the GST you paid on purchases, set off against the GST you charge on sales. Under Section 16 of the CGST Act, it means you pay tax only on the value you add, not on the full sale price.

GST is charged at every stage of a supply chain. Without ITC, the same value would be taxed again and again as goods move along. ITC removes that by letting a business reclaim the tax it already paid on its inputs, so the net tax sticks only to the margin it added.

What are the conditions to claim ITC?

Short answer

Section 16 sets five core conditions. The first is a valid tax invoice, which is why a pakka bill matters.

  • You hold a valid tax invoice or debit note for the purchase. A kaccha bill or rough slip does not qualify.
  • The goods or services were actually received.
  • The supplier has paid the tax to the government and reported the invoice, so it appears in your auto-drafted statement.
  • You have filed the relevant GST return for the period.

When can ITC not be claimed?

Short answer

Even with a valid invoice, Section 17(5) of the CGST Act blocks credit on a fixed list of purchases.

  • Motor vehicles for personal use, with limited business exceptions.
  • Food and beverages, outdoor catering, and club or health memberships.
  • Goods or services used for personal consumption, not for the business.
  • Tax paid under the composition scheme, which is why a composition dealer's bill of supply carries no ITC.

Why does ITC make a pakka bill worth more?

Short answer

Because the credit travels only on a valid tax invoice. A pakka bill carries recoverable tax; a kaccha bill does not.

  • When a buyer holds a pakka bill, the GST in the price comes back as ITC. The real cost is the price minus the tax.
  • When a buyer holds a kaccha bill, that same GST is a sunk cost, because there is no valid invoice to claim against.
  • A seller who issues pakka bills gives the buyer a reason to choose them: the purchase effectively costs less.